Nelson Glueck Free Essays

string(121) " consisting of three roughly square units at the northern end and three larger rectangular rooms extending to the south\." Nelson Glueck was born on June 4, 1900 in Cincinnati, Ohio. During the 70 years of his life he was a well-known Rabbi and archaeologist until his death on February 12, 1971. At the age of 23, he was ordained as a Reform rabbi by the Hebrew Union College and four years later was awarded his Ph. We will write a custom essay sample on Nelson Glueck or any similar topic only for you Order Now D. at Jena, Germany, for his dissertation on the biblical concept of hesed (the Hebrew term for goodness or divine kindness). Until World War II Gluek worked with William Foxwell Albright at the American School of Oriental Research in Jerusalem (ASOR,) and Albright’s excavation of Tell Beit Mirsim. Glueck himself served as director of ASOR, as well as having a faculty position at HUC in Jerusalem. After graduating from Cincinnati Public Schools, he atteneded the University of Cincinnati where he received his bachelor’s degree. Glueck went home in 1931 and married Helen Ransohof Iglauer, a medical student at the University of Cincinnati who was a professor of medicine. Their only son Dr. Charles Jonathan Glueck was a noted physician as well. Glueck continued his studies in Germany for four years and received his doctorate degree from the University of Jena in 1926. For the next two years (1927-28) he would continue his studies at the School in Jerusalem. While studying in Palestine he became interested in archaeology, returning twice (1930 and 1932) to take part in an excavation of Tell Beit Mirsim, probably Biblical Debir (Kirjath-Sepher). â€Å"During World War II Glueck served in the Office of Strategic Services (the precursor of the CIA), examining possible escape routes for the allies through the desert, in anticipation of the German army under General Rommel, reaching Palestine. Fortunately, Rommel’s advance was halted by the Allies in Egypt.† He created the HUC Biblical and Archaeological School in Jerusalem in 1963, the same year that he appeared on the cover of Time magazine. The institute was renamed in 1972 to the Nelson Glueck School of Biblical Archaeology. Glueck after the war became president of the Hebrew Union College, and then president of the combined HUC-Jewish Institute of Religion, a position he held until his death in 1971. This is the same colledge that ordained him as a Rabbi. As president Glueck oversaw the merger of HUC with the Jewish Institute of Religion, expanding the institution based out of Cincinnati to now include schools in New York, Los Angeles, and Jerusalem. He played a vital role in the creation of the Schools of Jewish Communal Service and was the founder of the School of Biblical and Archaeological Studies in Jerusalem, in honor of him they now bears his name. Excavation Sites and Methods of Excavation The Bible was his map for excavations and, in turn, the excavations shed a bit of light on the Bible. Sheldon H. Blank and H. Ginsberg note, â€Å"A scientist he was, yet a fragment of a wall or a potsherd could evoke an emotional as well as an intellectual response. He had a love affair with the Land (the â€Å"heartland†), he uncovered not the history but the drama of people.† â€Å"This makes sense seeing Glueck’s service as a rabbi and studies of the Old Testament. Glueck excavated several sites in 1950 he excavated the remains of the civilization of the Nabataeans in Transjordan, this was a copper-mining industry that was located at the shore of the Red Sea. This showed how the Negev could support a such a large population due to the use of irrigation techniques using the Red Sea. Therefore what Glueck says about Negev is, â€Å"The length and width of the Negev were interconnected with roads marked by fortresses, villages, way stations and watertight cisterns.† The erecting of fortresses over the Negev served as an excellent source of protection and saw villages flourish, and agriculture grows, and watertight cisterns surrounded the Negev which made possible the emergence of villages and flocks in areas where they would otherwise not be present. Glueck also spent a lot of time working to define a history for the Negev and wrote: â€Å"The Archaeological History of the Negev† based on his findings. Glueck notes that there were a series of civilizations there and that the Negev is positioned between Canaan, Arabia, and Egypt which made it a strategic location. He indicates that the different civilizations experienced no significant changes in the climate and that no climatic changes have occurred within the last ten thousand years at least. Chalcolithic pottery has been located in the Negev which indicates that a civilization existed there during that period. After this civilization disappeared, the land was unused for almost a thousand years until the Middle Bronze I period (between 21st and 19th centuries BC). â€Å"This civilization was agricultural as evidenced by â€Å"beehive† stone houses that are located on slopes of hills located above land useable for farming.† â€Å"Cup holes† carved in limestone were found that indicate they were used for grinding grain and this evidence has been placed in MB I by the stories of Abraham in the Old Testament. Glueck Excavations Archaeology discovered by Glueck indicates a range of civilizations such as the Nabateans who left a substantial amount of pottery behind. Nabateans were known for their worship of multiple deities and are traditionally identified as being pagan which makes the discovery of Khierbet Et-Tannur (a temple) significant. Glueck notes that while the entire site had not been excavated at the time of his writing, â€Å"A whole pantheon of hitherto unknown Nabataean deities was found in the temple that had become their grave.† This temple sits on top of a hill with evidence of staircases leading up steep areas and leading Glueck to believe that goddesses were honored at the peak of this hill and those like it. In 1938 Glueck also did an excavation on the northern third, during the excavation of the site he found a location of forty-five rooms. â€Å"The mound’s most impressive structure was uncovered in the northwest corner of the excavated area, a building complex consisting of three roughly square units at the northern end and three larger rectangular rooms extending to the south. You read "Nelson Glueck" in category "Papers" † The latter are 7.40 m in length and of varying widths (2.00-3.00 m). The building measures 13.20 m in length (north-south) and is 12.30 m wide on the north side and 13.20 m wide on the south side. The exterior walls are 1.20 m wide; interior walls vary between 0.95 and 1.05 m. The walls were preserved to a height of 2.70 m. The building is almost entirely of mudbrick construction. Its bricks measure ca. 0.40 x 0.20 x 0.10 m and were laid in a roughly â€Å"header and stretcher† fashion. They found 2 horizontal rows of wooden beams that could be consider as construction to strengthening the walls. they had semicircular holes which proved this was a result of the fire and it also confirm the construction and used of wooden beams as written in I Kings. This way of construction with support beams is referenced in I Kings 6:36 which reads, â€Å"He (Solomon) built the inner court with three courses of hewn stone and one course of cedar beams.† Wooden beams, halved in the case of Tell el-Kheleifeh, were embedded across the widths of the walls, creating a stronger bond. The semicircular holes were all that remained after the timbers were consumed in a destruction by fire. These features were also discovered elsewhere in the site’s architecture, notably in Room 49. Eight installations, interpreted as hearths or ovens, were found in this casemate unit. Slag was also found at this site which Glueck believes indicates that Tell el-Kheleifeh was used to remelt globules of copper ore retrieved through metallurgical processes in the Wadi Arabah smelting sites to shape them into easily salable ingots or pour the molten metal into molds. â€Å"Ezion-Geber was also a marketplace from Arabia to Palestine. Support for this fact came when pottery was found that had horn handles and mat bases which is associated with the Calebites, Kenites, Rechabites, Yerahmeelites, dated to Iron Age I-II. † Furthermore, the building was identified as a stone house granary and had the means of smelting and fire damage present further supporting the results of the fire. Glueck notes, â€Å"The strong winds which constantly blow from the north in the Arabah furnished the draft necessary for the proper functioning of the furnaces.† A fortified outer wall protected the building, and while Ezion-Geber I was probably destroyed by Shishak, it was rebuilt with a gateway reminiscent of Jehosophat of Judah (871-849 BC). Glueck also led important excavations in Ezion-Geber where it is believed that Solomon’s naval base was located. Excavations began in March 1998, and it took three months to uncover one-third of the site. Pottery was discovered at this site along with other findings but its important to note is that the pottery varied. A piece of Edomite pottery was discovered carrying the name â€Å"QoS† which could reference a kind of a god. This indicates that this area had been occupied over a long period of time. An article published in The Biblical Archaeologist in 1965 entitled â€Å"Ezion-Geber† finds Glueck arguing that Tell el- Kheleifeh is Ezion-Geber. In this article he indicates that Tell el-Kheleifeh is represented by a low small mound that â€Å"is located approximately in the center of the north shore of the Gulf of Aqabah, midway between Jordanian Aqabah at its east end and Israeli Eilat at its west end.† Today, it sits five hundred yards from the shore and is estimated to have been at least three hundred yards away many millennia ago during its first occupation in 10th century BC. The location appear to be consistent with the Bibles description in I Kings 9:26 of â€Å"beside Eloth, on the shore of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom.† Glueck further state that, â€Å"The conviction that there has been comparatively little change in the northern shoreline derives partly from our discovery of a copper smelting site on a low shoreline foothill at Mrashrash, now incorporated into Eilat, immediately overlooking the northwest end of the Gulf of Aqabah.† And that the explorations in Eastern Palestine began to appear in 1933, opening new views on the movement of peoples in the Transjordan area in antiquity. Landmarks in his archaeological odyssey were King Solomon’s port city Ezion-Geber and his copper mines; the unexpectedly numerous settlements in the Negev; Khirbet Tannur and the civilization of the Nabataeans; the systematic excavation of Tell Gezer. Glueck excavated area at the end of the 1940 season was ca. 80 m north-south, by 72 m east-west. The corner of a nearby garden wall was chosen for the site benchmark, established at 3.99 m over the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba. The highest point of the tell was southeast of its center (Square N:17) at +2.84 m, corresponding to the absolute height above sea level of +6.83 m. The deepest excavated level, reportedly to virgin soil, was in Room 113 ( 1.53 m) below benchmark level. The difference in height between the deepest wall foundation of the western casemate perimeter and the top of the preserved walls was 4.37 m. Although, Tell el-Kheleifeh is not considered a conspicuous site today. Its appearance is very familiar to that of the many surrounding hillocks. A surface survey in August 1980 revealed that, the area of extant architecture is little more than 12 square meters and a few mudbrick walls have been preserved to a height of 1.5 m. â€Å"The fragmentary remains could not be located on the plans prepared by Glueck’s architect J. Pinkerfeld. It is likely that the existing walls represent an architectural assortment from the various periods of occupation. † They appear to be located south-southeast of the site’s largest structure. The excavator’s northern, eastern, and western dumps provided the reference points for location. Although there are no visible remains of the most distinctive architectural elements, a wall in the northern section of preserved architecture, with two horizontal rows of apertures, were interpreted initially as flues. Glueck’s excavation area is where the mound has been disturbed at several points by modern military installations, most notably an observation tower toward the southern end of Its foundations appear to have cut undisturbed levels to a depth of 1.5 m. Several trenches have also been cut into the northern and western sections of the site, and these disturbances produced an abundance of finds, including a stamped Rhodian jar handle and a bronze trefoil arrowhead. The material remains gleaned from this survey provide a valuable complement to the 1938-40 assemblage. Discoveries Biblical scholars have debated for years whether or not the Edomites ever had a true kingdom, or was a mining industry. In the 1930s, Nelson Glueck made a claim to have found King Solomon’s mines, citing, among other things, evidence of mining trails, as well as slag mounds. However, Glueck’s claim was largely dismissed after British excavations in the 1970s and 80s seemed to show that extensive mining didn’t come to the area until hundreds of years after Solomon’s rule. A consensus emerged that the Bible was heavily edited in the 5th century BCE, long after the events, while British excavations of the Edomite highlands in the 1970s-80s suggested the Iron Age had not even come to Edom until the 7th century BCE. Levy, Director of the Levantine Archaeology Lab at UCSD and associate director of the new Center of Interdisciplinary Science for Art, Architecture, and Archaeology (CISA3), inferred that data from the first large-scale stratified and systematic excavation of a site in the southern Levant ,gave evidence that complex societies were indeed active in 10th and 9th centuries BCE. Which brings us back to the debate about the historicity of the Hebrew Bible narratives related to this period. Glueck discoveries in Faynan/Edom got laughed at, but this recent discovery has vindicated him. Biblical Impact Glueck believed that the Hebrew Bible contains historical memory, but one that cannot be proven. He felt that the spirit of the Israelites was still alive in modern Israel, instilling that belief in both his students and his colleagues. Today, our research paradigms may differ from those of Glueck’s day, but his enthusiasm and scholarly integrity remain with us always. The range of Glueck’s excavations speaks volume and will echo through the sands of time. He have certainly paved the way for Biblical archaeology to memmic and gave believers more resources to study outside of the Bible. Archaeology cannot be used to prove a Biblical account, however, it definitely can be used to assert the existence of a certain nation at the same time in history. Through Glueck work and the excavations performed by him, believers now have the abilty to research further and take a deep dive into a rich history. Conclusion Glueck work not only laid a strong foundation but it also paved the way in a since to how archaeology is an understatement, providing believers with a broader knowledge and understanding. Through human beings like Nelson Glueck, archaeology has emerged and will continue to grow in a positive way. The works of Glueck continue to ring true and set a precedent for research that every area on the face of the earth, be it outwardly ever so waste and empty, has a story behind it which the inquisitive sooner or later will attempt to obtain. Well put statement by Glueck himself in the relationship of the Bible to archaeology. He writes: â€Å"As a matter of fact, however, it may be stated categorically that no archaeological discovery has ever controverted a biblical reference. Scores of archaeological findings have been made which confirm to clear outline or in exact detail historical statements in the Bible.And by the same token, proper eval- uations of the biblical descriptions has often led to amazing discoveries. They form tesserae in the vast mosaic of the Bible’s almost incredible correct historical memory.† Glueck put his conviction into practice when he sought to locate King Solomons’s long-lost port city of Ezion-Geber. The memory of its location had been in Glueck words â€Å"snuffed out.† like the flame of a gutted candle.† Glueck began by consulting 1 Kings of the Bible that documented this site. The biblical statement said it was located beside Eloth, on the shore of the Red Sea in the land of Edom (1 Kings 9:26;10:22). The Bible served him as a guidebook in his explorations, and his explorations shed light on the Bible. An example we can all learn from. Not that he believed archaeology could or even should lend support to the supreme spiritual values and ethical norms which are native to the Bible. These have their own manifest value. Glueck patience and persistence in his work makes his discoveries and works worth remembering. His dedication and the contribution he has made to the field of archaeology is a valued resource for believer and future archaeologist. The Bible is the inspired and accurate Word of God and God often confirm His Word through mankind. Therefore, we should compare the Scriptural records against the archeological discoveries uncovered at these sites where many of these thrilling events of the Bible actually occurred. The results of these detailed investigations are available for all to examine. Bibliography The Nelson Glueck School of Archaeology, â€Å"Our founder: Nelson Glueck (1900-1971)†, The Nelson Glueck School of Biblical Archaeology (2010), (accessed October 8, 2018). Albright, William F. â€Å"Nelson Glueck in Memoriam.† Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, no. 202 (1971): 2-1. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1356266. (accessed October 8, 2018). Glueck, Nelson. 1961. â€Å"The archaeological history of the Negev.† Hebrew Union College Annual 32, 11-18. ATLASerials, Religion Collection, EBSCOhost (accessed October 8, 2018) Ezion-Geber Nelson Glueck Excavations at Tell el-Kheleifeh 1965 AD, http://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ezion-geber- nelson-gluecks-tell-el-kheleifeh-1965ad.htm (accessed October 8, 2018). Solomon’s Fortress at Elat, Aqaba: Tell El-kheleifeh and Jezirit, http://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-ezion-geber-elat-aq (accessed October 8, 2018). Pratico, Gary D. â€Å"Nelson Glueck’s 1938-1940 Excavations at Tell El-Kheleifeh: A Reappraisal.† Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, no. 259 (1985): 1-32. doi:10.2307/1356795. (accessed October 8, 2018). Nelson Glueck’s 1938-1940 Excavations At Tell El-kheleifeh .., http://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ezion-geber- Nelson-gluecks-1938-1940-excavations-tell-el-kheleifeh-reappraisal-gary-pratico (accessed October 8, 2018). Uncovering The Secrets Of Kahn, Da Vinci And Solomon’s .., http://www.voiceofsandiego.org/topics/science-environment/uncovering-the-secrets (accessed October 8, 2018). King Solomon’s (copper) Mines? – University Of California .., http://ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/archive/newsrel/soc/10-22KingSolomon.asp (accessed October 8, 2018). Nelson Glueck, Rivers in the Desert. Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, New York, Grove Press, 1960, p. 31 Price, J. Randall. The Stones Cry Out: What Archaeology Reveals About the Truth of the Bible. Eugene, Oreg.: Harvest House, 1997. How to cite Nelson Glueck, Papers

International Management of Hilton Group of Hotels †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Management of Hilton Group of Hotels. Answer Objective of the report: The report is intended to accomplish the learning outcomes pertaining to the primary concepts of international management and the impact of culture on the management of international operations of an organization. The case study organization assumed for the research is Hilton Group of Hotels. which is a renowned chain of hotels with the prolific reputation in the global hospitality industry. The explanation of the factors which impact international management such as global factors and management challenges could also be accounted as one of the profound objectives of this report. The proposal would be directed towards collection of data from websites of the organizations using a specific methodology and illustration of data sources. Thereafter the reports objective is to collate the findings from the data collection procedure to realize the data analysis procedure and present viable outcomes that can be integrated in the recommendations to improve the concerned research issue. The study is vital in the current scenario since it highlights the various international factors that influence the management process and efficiency of a large hospitality business undertaking. The business market has extended to a large extent due to globalization so this research activitys object ive is crucial for various parties like similar business undertakings, management students, researchers working on similar subjects, etc. Methodology: The methodology used in this specific report has been kept simple in order to understand the aspects which influence the performance of the hospitality business in the international scene. The group report proposal activity has to be associated with a specific methodology that would serve as a guideline for completion of the project as well as an instruction for validating the findings of the report. The report utilizes the acquisition of secondary information as a viable methodology for addressing the notable issues pertaining to international management in the Hilton group of hotels(Adler-Nissen, 2014). As per Alexander, Walker Naim, the methodology that could be profoundly associated with the feasible execution of the report is enhanced through the consideration of secondary information sources such as journals, research publications and reviewed articles(Alexander, Walker Naim, 2014). According to Singh Gaur, the secondary information sources are accountable for providing deeper insights into the issue of international management alongside profound inferences to the themes such as cultural diversity and its impact on international management, impact of global environment on international management and the management barriers that influence international management(Singh Gaur, 2013). The identification of the specific issues pertaining to international management with respect to these three dimensions could be accounted as the reports primary objective and the critical review of literature pertaining to culture, international environment and management challenges faced by an organization is helpful for the determination of plausible recommendations that could improve the sustainable competitiveness of Hilton group of hotels in the international marketing environment(Ambos Hkanson, 2014). Since internationalization has become an inherent concern for business organizations in the contemporary market environment, it is imperative to consider the limitations and opportunities that can be observed in this context. The varying implications of culture, management factors and global environmental factors are reflective of considerable impact on the performance of international management frameworks suggesting their emphasis in literature pertaining to international management(Bader Berg, 2013). As per Sderberg, Krishna Bjrn, a comprehensive evaluation of the varying dimensions pertaining to international management would be helpful in drawing a framework for anticipating the trends in context of international management in an organization(Sderberg, Krishna Bjrn, 2013). The trends related to culture can be used to address specific issues such as cross cultural management and maintaining a culturally diverse workforce. Apprehending the trends in the global environment such as the external environment analysis of the dimensions of politics, economy, society, culture, legal apparatus and technology could be reflective of plausible insights to frame strategic approaches accordingly. Therefore the methodology for completing this report can be helpful for estimating the research issue from diverse perspectives(Berkenbosch, et al., 2013). Data collection: This is a crucial section of a research activity since based on the collected data, analysis can be conducted which will help in finding key issues faced by the hotel chain and accordingly recommendations can be suggested in order to improve the performance of the chain in the international environment. The data collected for the report proposal was drawn from various sources of secondary information such as online journals, research publications and reviewed articles. According to The references of Brown to articles depicting recent trends in international business management also reflect on the comprehensiveness of the data collection in order to ensure currency of the report. It is essential to consider the authenticity of the sources used for the report that can be validated from observing the credentials of authors and referencing associated with the journal publications(Brown, 2015). The utilization of the website of Hilton Group of Hotels provided authentic insights into the b usiness reports of the organization depicting the internal competences of the enterprise alongside the external factors that impinge on the performance of international operations of the group. The data collection from the official sources pertaining to the Hilton group of hotels is also reflective of profound references to the authenticity of the information and its validity for addressing the learning outcomes of the report(Tietze, 2013). The prominent data collected in the report would indicate the references to the impact of culture, external global environment and the management challenges on international management(Brown, 2015). Explicit illustration of the international management implications can be accounted as data collected for the report which suggests the relations of international management to an explicit decision making process in a multicultural environment. The intangible nature of elements influencing international management as well as the comprehensiveness of t he domain of international management create potential setbacks for identification of particular themes that can be integrated with the resolution of issue presented in the report(Frynas Stephens, 2015). Application of the data to identify the contemporary alignment of business trends with respect to international management of culture, external environment and management challenges is accountable for the efficiency of methodology for the report. The data is implemented for identification of the strategic alignment of Hilton Group of hotels with the varying international market scenario with references to the data obtained from research work executed earlier in this field (Witt, Brooke Buckley, 2013). The data collection was also accompanied with the plausible inferences suggesting identification of profound gaps in the existing literature as well as possible routes to address the shortcomings (Gooderham, Gooderham Grgaard, 2013). As per Huang, Yen Liu, culture is a subjective entity which could be attributed to the acquisition of knowledge by people especially through interpretation of experiences and information on generation of social behaviour. The acquired nature of culture could be held responsible for guiding people towards interaction and communication with other society members and constituents. Adjustment of cultural frameworks is a formidable setback in international management as perceived from the responses of majority of literature sources (Huang, Yen Liu, 2014). Since there is no absolute definition of culture, it is ambiguous to interpret the effect that can be obtained from the cultural diversity on international management of business entities. The concerns for the external environment characterized by market forces and political, economic, social and technological factors for international management in the hospitality industry also served as viable data for the evaluation of another theme of the report. It is imperative that the management of Hilton faces internal friction while coping with international management primarily indicating direction towards the opposition to change management strategies and lack of internal competences. Therefore managerial issues could also lead to profound pitfalls for Hilton Group of Hotels (Jack, et al., 2013). Data analysis: The representation of the data obtained from the collection process as considerable inputs for the report leads to the implicative requirements for a comprehensive data analysis procedure. The use of a deductive approach for data analysis provides flexible opportunities to realize the report objectives. The deductive approach is based on forming experiential assumptions that relate to the concerned issue identified for the organization. In this case the data pertaining to international management of Hilton Group of Hotels has been collated with the research publications pertaining to three profound themes identified for the report. The implications of diversity among the workforce can be a foremost challenge for Hilton Group of Hotels in its international management (Kaynak Darling, 2013). Cultural diversity has to be addressed from internal as well as external contexts in which the differences of age, religion, sexual orientation, ethnicity and language can be observed without any disturbance in the community. The necessity for international management or international relations management is largely reflective of the impact rendered by culture and governance frameworks in the organization. The data analysis reflects critically on sources of literature to provide an interpretation of the key issues that proliferate due to cultural mismatch in the case of international management (Kough, Paris Butler IV, 2013). Communication is the foremost requirement for sustainable operations of Hilton group in the hospitality industry since it is reliant on the access to diversified supply chain and customer bases. The presence of Hilton in the hospitality sector is reflective of the essential requirement to address communication at the earnest instant in order to refrain from the costs incurred due to communication discrepancies. Lack of communication can be a notable addition to the issues affecting the strategic management of international business that reflects on the long term impacts on brand identity. International management is also reliant on the execution of an international strategy that would be characterized by the integration of inferences drawn from the analysis of economic, technological, legal, cultural and political dimensions. International management can therefore be considered from two distinct aspects such as strategic and cross cultural point of views (Nebus Chai, 2014). The strategic point of view relies on the acquisition of a wider strategic perspective of the issue while the cross cultural management is related to creation of promising international structures facili tating efficient location of value added activities in the supply chain and the management of international partners and associates (Schmeisser, 2013). As per Siedlok Hibbert, transnational corporations are gradually increasing in number and hence apprehension of the management related pitfalls is an essential requirement to validate feasible execution of the strategic plans. Hilton Hotel has to apprehend a reasonable balance between strategic management and cross cultural management in order to draw legitimate inferences for promotion of international management competences (Siedlok Hibbert, 2014). Findings From the analysis, it has been found that most scholars have explored that strategic approach made by the management is being integrated largely with the HR functioning with respect to the strategic planning and the operations thatarecarried out in the business. It is understood that the human resource strategic management has to be involved particularly in situations when there is an interaction between the customer and the employee which occurs frequently. In the Hilton group of hotels, the strategic management has to be aligned and get integrated with the business strategies of the organization for reducing the pitfalls. Apart from this, from the analysis, it is found out thatthe strategies of HR management have to be involved in the environmental scanning in order to achieve the goalsand objectivesofthe organization (Nankervis, Compton, Baird, 2005; Schuler Jackson, 1999). For making the approach strategic in the HR management it will be requiring the HR managers who will be re sponsible for the changes that are taking place in the Hilton Hotels business environment (Devanna, Fombrun, Tichy, 1981).It has been found out by Wilton (2006) that hotels in the urban areas will be adopting the best practices of HR management when compared with that of the small hotels. The same strategy is being followed by Hilton Hotels as it is one of the top hotels. From the study, it is evaluated that the best practices of HR refer to thepractice systems of HR which are recommended by the scholars of SHRM (Hoque, 2000; Nankervis, 1995). The Hilton Hotels being in the urban areaare facing the problem of shortage in the labour as there is an availability of more alternative solutions for employment outside the company (Wilton, 2006).It is indicated by these findings that the strategic plans have to be established in such a way that they make an approach to the relations of an employee with no cultural diversity in the market. It is very important since the resources of the firm are valuable when opportunities are exploited and threats are being neutralized (Barney, 1995, p. 52).For developing the competitiveadvantage of the organization the strategic plans have to be made by focussing on the strategicmanagement of the hotels (Barber, Huselid, Becket, 1999; Becker Huselid, 1999). In termsof strategic planning and the business plan of the firm, i t says that the HR manager has to play a vital role in their development (Artis, Becker, Huselid, 1999).In the internal environment of the Hilton Hotels an effective communication between the managers and the subordinates has to be maintained and the information has to be sharedappropriately so that it will encourage them to get involved in the formation of strategy and its implementation (Barber et al., 1999; Becker Huselid, 1999).As a result, the strategic management of the resources management will be requiring the integration of the practice of HR and having the discussion of these practices on the whole rather than just focussing on the individual functions of the HR.By this practice, they complement each other and will be independent and by the integration of the practices of HR in the organizational system, it will lead to the competitive advantage due to its unique nature, complexity, and specificity. The findings section is one of the most vital sections of the research activity since it includes the crux of the particular report on the international management scenario of the Hilton Group of Hotels. The detection of key areas that need attention will help the management of the hotel chain to improve the strategic model so that it can target a wider set of audience and enhance its performance in the competitive external environment. Conclusion The main objective of preparing the report on the international management of Hilton Group of Hotels was to understand the various issues relating to the management process of the hospitality chain. The use of secondary data has been crucial for the report study since the referred journals, research publications, etc provide deeper insight into a number of subjects that can be improved and improvise by the management team. A number of areas like influence of global environmental factors, management barriers, impact of cultural diversity, etc have been identified which can be worked upon to make the management process more efficient and effective. Since today globalisation is the reality of the modern times, this specific aspect has been taken into consideration and its impact on the overall performance of the Hilton Group of Hotels has been assessed. Its ability to grasp the various opportunities that come in its path in the external environment is crucial for the hospitality business. The regular monitoring of the various external elements including economy, culture, politics, society, legal constraints, technology, etc are vital for the effective management in the international scenario since proper analysis of these elements will help the management to devise effective strategic model which will help it to perform in a sustainable manner in the economy. The data analysis reflects that the cultural diversity is a vital aspect that needs to be looked upon and the diversity in age, gender and ethnicity is crucial for the hotel chain. The business undertaking also needs to enhance its communication model since it is a crucial network that helps the business to access diversified supply chain and target customer bases. It needs to focus on these aspects since they pose challenging situation for Hilton Group of Hotels in its international management. References Adler-Nissen, R., 2014. Stigma management in international relations: transgressive identities, norms, and order in international society.International Organization,68(01), pp.143-176. Alexander, A., Walker, H. and Naim, M., 2014. Decision theory in sustainable supply chain management: a literature review.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,19(5/6), pp.504-522. Ambos, B. and Hkanson, L., 2014.The concept of distance in international management research.Journal of International Management,20(1), pp.1-7. Bader, B. and Berg, N., 2013.An empirical investigation of terrorism-induced stress on expatriate attitudes and performance.Journal of International Management,19(2), pp.163-175. Berkenbosch, L., Schoenmaker, S.G., Ahern, S., Sjns, C., Snell, L., Scherpbier, A.J. and Busari, J.O., 2013. Medical residents perceptions of their competencies and training needs in health care management: an international comparison.BMC medical education,13(1), p.25. Brown, A.D., 2015. Identities and identity work in organizations.International Journal of Management Reviews,17(1), pp.20-40. Drew, S. and Coulson?Thomas, C., 2013. Transformation through teamwork: the path to the new organization?.Team Performance Management: An International Journal. Frynas, J.G. and Stephens, S., 2015. Political corporate social responsibility: Reviewing theories and setting new agendas.International Journal of Management Reviews,17(4), pp.483-509. Gooderham, P.N., Gooderham, P.N. and Grgaard, B., 2013.International management: Theory and practice. Edward Elgar Publishing. Huang, M.C., Yen, G.F. and Liu, T.C., 2014. Reexamining supply chain integration and the supplier's performance relationships under uncertainty.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,19(1), pp.64-78. Jack, G., Zhu, Y., Barney, J., Brannen, M.Y., Prichard, C., Singh, K. and Whetten, D., 2013. Refining, reinforcing and reimagining universal and indigenous theory development in international management.Journal of Management Inquiry,22(2), pp.148-164. Kaynak, E. and Darling, J.R., 2013.International management leadership: The primary competitive advantage. Routledge. Kough, A.S., Paris, C.B. and Butler IV, M.J., 2013.Larval connectivity and the international management of fisheries.PloS one,8(6), p.e64970. Nebus, J. and Chai, K.H., 2014. Putting the psychic back in psychic distance: Awareness, perceptions, and understanding as dimensions of psychic distance.Journal of International Management,20(1), pp.8-24. Schmeisser, B., 2013. A systematic review of literature on offshoring of value chain activities.Journal of International Management,19(4), pp.390-406. Siedlok, F. and Hibbert, P., 2014. The organization of interdisciplinary research: Modes, drivers and barriers.International Journal of Management Reviews,16(2), pp.194-210. Singh, D.A. and Gaur, A.S., 2013. Governance structure, innovation and internationalization: evidence from India.Journal of International Management,19(3), pp.300-309. Sderberg, A.M., Krishna, S. and Bjrn, P., 2013. Global software development: commitment, trust and cultural sensitivity in strategic partnerships.Journal of International Management,19(4), pp.347-361. Tietze, S., 2013.International management and language.Routledge. Witt, S.F., Brooke, M.Z. and Buckley, P.J., 2013.The Management of International Tourism (RLE Tourism).Routledge.

The Plague - Novel Analysis Essays - Plague, Epidemics,

The Plague - Novel Analysis The Epidemic in a Few Pages The Plague is a novel describing the plague epidemic in the large Algerian city of Oran in the 1940s. In April, numerous rats staggered into the open to die. Once a mild hysteria gripped the population, the newspapers began searching for any action they could take. Finally, the authorities arranged for the daily collection and cremation of the rats, but by mid-afternoon they were already pilling up again. When a cluster of cases of a strange fever appeared, Dr. Rieux's partner, Castel, became certain that the illness is the bubonic plague. He and Dr. Rieux are forced to confront the indifference and denial of the authorities and other doctors in their attempts to urge quick, decisive action. Only after it became impossible to deny that a serious epidemic was ravaging Oran, the authorities did enforce strict sanitation measures, placing the entire city under quarantine. The public went into shock due to their sudden imprisonment and intense longing for absent loved ones. Many people indulged in selfish personal distress, convinced that their pain was unique in comparison to the rest of the town's. Father Paneloux delivered a stern sermon, declaring that the plague is God's punishment for Oran's sins. Raymond Rambert attempted to escape Oran in hopes of rejoining with his wife in Paris. He tried to escape with the help of Cottard's criminal buddies. In the mean time, Meanwhile, Rieux, Tarrou, and Grand relentlessly battled the death and suffering of the plague. Rambert eventually finalized his escape plan, but, upon learning that Pieux was separated from his wife, Rambert became ashamed to flee. He chose to stay behind and continue to fight the epidemic. Cottard committed an unknown crime in the past, so he has lived in constant fear of arrest and punishment. He found the plague to be a sign of relief because he was no longer alone in his fearful suf fering. He accumulated a great deal of wealth as a smuggler during the epidemic. Since the exile lasted for so long, the people lost their selfish obsession with personal suffering. They came to view the plague as a disaster that was everybody's concern, and many confronted their social responsibility and joined the anti-plague efforts. When M. Othon's son suffered a prolonged, excruciating death from the plague, Dr. Rieux shouts at Paneloux that he was an innocent victim. Paneloux, deeply shaken by the boy's death, delivered a second sermon that modified the first. He declared that the inexplicable deaths of innocent people forced the Christian people to choose between believing everything or believing nothing at all about God. When he fell ill, he refused to consult a doctor, leaving his fate entirely in the hands of divine Power. He died clutching his crucifix, but the symptoms of his illness did not truly match those of the plague. When the epidemic ended, Cottard could not go on. He began randomly firing his gun into the street until he was captured by the police. Grand, having recovered from the plague, vows to make a fresh start in life. Tarrou dies just as the epidemic was ending, but he battled with all his strength for his life, just as he helped Rieux battle for the lives of others. Rambert's wife joined him in Oran right after the city gates were opened. Dr. Rieux's own wife died of a prolonged illness before she and her husband could be reunited and the public quickly returned to its old routine. Once I finally finished reading this novel, I was overjoyed. I was interest in the bubonic plague and that was the only reason I chose this novel. Camus could have very easily increased the enjoyment of reading by correcting a few problems, but there were some aspects that I loved about it. If I am reading any type of writing and I stumble upon a word that I cannot say, I improvise with something that to anyone else would sound like a sigh of relief but it sounds as it looks. The Plague, due to my limited ability to pronounce French names, was filled with characters that practically had no names. I find it difficult to keep track of each

Heritage Healthcare Agency

Heritage Healthcare Agency This paper will focus on Heritage Healthcare Agency, which is located in New Mexico. The core business activity of this organization is to provide medical services to patients in their homes. The organization’s target market is the adult and geriatric populations that live in New Mexico and Arizona (Heritage Home Healthcare and Hospice, 2013).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Heritage Healthcare Agency specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The programs and services provided by the organization include Tele-health, go steady, speech therapy, medical social work, physical therapy, and occupational therapy. Tele-health is a service that enables doctors to monitor patients with chronic diseases such as congestive heart failure and hypertension. The patients’ health conditions such as blood pressure, pulse rate, and oxygen saturation are monitored from their homes. The go steady program targets patients who are su ffering from prolonged dizziness, vertigo, and frequent falls.  The clinical operations of the organization involve providing comprehensive health care services at the patients’ home. The objective of these services is to restore health and to reduce the adverse effects of diseases and disability (Heritage Home Healthcare and Hospice, 2013). The organization has a team of highly skilled registered nurses who provide medical and therapeutic services to patients. The services are provided on occasional visits and on a continuous basis. The nurses also provide follow-up services by monitoring the progress of the patients after treatment.  The services of the organization are marketed through promotional activities such as advertising. The adverts are placed in print and electronic media, as well as, the organization’s website. Additionally, the organization engages the public in regular conversations about its products in order to obtain the feedback that enables it t o improve the quality of its services (Heritage Home Healthcare and Hospice, 2013). The billing for the services is done per visit. Patients pay for every visitation and services provided by the organization. The payments are done through private health insurance and programs such as Medicare. Vision, Mission, and Values The vision of Heritage Home Healthcare Agency is â€Å"to be the leading regional provider of quality home health services, recognized for uncompromising dedication to the provision of comprehensive, professional, and compassionate care† (Heritage Home Healthcare and Hospice, 2013).Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The mission of the organization is â€Å"to be creative, innovative, and a trendsetter in healthcare delivery, offering challenging and dynamic employment opportunities, encouraging and supporting the talents and energies of our staf f and managing the company in a profitable manner† (Heritage Home Healthcare and Hospice, 2013). Heritage Healthcare Agency’s vision and mission statements are based on its core values, which include creativity, excellence, integrity, and respect. Strategic Planning Model Heritage Home Healthcare Agency uses the alignment model to develop its strategic plan. The main objective of this model is to align the organization’s mission to its resources in order to facilitate effective operations. The rationale of choosing this model is that Heritage Home Healthcare intends to fine-tune its strategies and to identify the obstacles that might prevent it from achieving its vision and mission. The strategic plan of the organization is to improve the quality of its services and to expand its market share. In this regard, the organization intends to improve the productivity of its employees and to reduce the cost of its services in order to make them affordable to the majorit y of the citizens.  The organization’s vision, mission, and values are fundamental in the process of implementing its strategic plan. The vision statement describes the organization’s desired future, as well as, that of the community in which it operates. It specifies the long-term objectives of the organization. In this regard, it helps the organization to identify the goals to include in its strategic plan. Additionally, the vision inspires the staff and the community to support the organization in its quest to implement its strategic plan. The role of a mission statement is to describe the purpose of an organization. Thus, Heritage Home Healthcare Agency’s mission statement indicates what the organization stands for and what it is currently doing in order to achieve its mandate. Concisely, it specifies the activities that the organization must include in its strategic plan in order to achieve its vision. For example, the organization intends to promote crea tivity and innovation in order to provide excellent services. Value statements describe the core ideology that underlies the operations of an organization. The core values guide the process of executing the organization’s mission. The core values define the limits within which the organization carries out the activities outlined in its strategic plan. For example, the organization intends to promote excellence and creativity in every activity in order to achieve its mission. The core values also guide the organization’s operational culture, which focuses on staff development, use of advanced technologies, and improving service quality standards.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Heritage Healthcare Agency specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Organizational Structure and Key Leaders Heritage Home Healthcare Agency’s organizational structure consists of two levels of management namely, the executive boa rd of directors and line managers. The executive board consists of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), the Vice President, the Chief Operating Officer (COO), the Director of Quality Improvement and Compliance, and the Chief Financial Officer (CFO). The executive board is highly involved in the implementation of the organization’s strategic goals. Concisely, they are responsible for setting the goals and identifying the activities that must be done in order to achieve them. They are also responsible for the provision of the resources that are needed to implement the strategic goals. Implementing the goals is essentially a change process that requires effective leadership. Consequently, the organization uses Kotter’s 8-step change model to pursue its strategic goals. This model involves implementing change in eight steps, which include creating agency for change, forming a powerful change coalition, developing a vision for change, communicating the vision to members of th e organization, eliminating obstacles, creating short-term wins, building on the change, and incorporating the change in the organizational culture. Service Delivery Support Activities and Strategic Resources The main activities in the organization’s value chain include providing both medical and non-medical services to patients in their homes. The supporting activities in its value chain include technology development and effective management of human resources. The organization is focusing on developing information and communication technology (ICT) in order to monitor its patients effectively. It is also focusing on effective human resource management in order to provide the best health care services to its customers. The organization’s strategic resources include a highly skilled and professional team of medical personnel and an effective ICT system. These resources enable the organization to deliver health care at the patients’ home in a professional and co st-effective manner. References Heritage Home Healthcare and Hospice. (2013). About Us. Web. Jeffs, C. (2008). Strategic Management. New York: John Wiley and Sons.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sadler, P. (2003). Strategic Management. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Examine critically the advantages of a culturally diverse workplace in Essay - 1

Examine critically the advantages of a culturally diverse workplace in a global business world - Essay Example roup from another†¦ Culture, in this sense, includes systems of values; and values are among the building blocks of culture† (Hofstede, 1994, p.19). From this definition, two things come to the forefront. Firstly, culture is a social cast in which an individual evolves to such an extent that this cast appears to influence every major activity, thinking and decision making of the individual. Secondly, culture clearly demarcates certain boundaries that allow a person to behave properly and in an acceptable manner thus helping coexist with colleagues and people around. As such, one can easily gauge the extent of influence that culture has on people. However, a clash of cultures takes place when people from different backgrounds meet. Individuals begin to experience phenomena such as ‘Culture Shocks’, wherein they begin to experience things and events from colleagues that are unexpected and sometimes beyond the comfort zone of the individual. Such an experience is constantly felt in an international environment. If people are considerate and understanding of other cultures, and provided people have prior knowledge of other cultures and have secured a perspective on the things to expect from alien cultures, then cooperation and getting accustomed to new work environments by making the necessary adjustments is easier and can be done with the earnest cooperation of others. On the other hand, if the individual persists towards insisting on things to be done according to a cultural backdrop of their preference and expect others to heed to it, regardless of whether it is agreeable to others or not, then it can be surmised that sooner or later, the personal relationships will deteriorate and situations within the workplace are bound to encounter major conflicts and friction. Such a conclusion is rather generalized and logical, but it goes without saying that there is more to it than meets the eye. The cultural theory put forward by Hofstede has focused on the

To what extent does an understanding of the history and development of Essay

To what extent does an understanding of the history and development of business and the nature globalization help in our underst - Essay Example Notably, the founding of the history of business can be accredited to Wallace Don ham (Eibe, 2012). Business education originated since the Second World War and it can be accredited to the United States. Many of the business schools in the United States enrolled business history in their academic programs. Europe has been accredited for producing the first work on the company history. Additionally, in India, business education can be referred back in the 1960s where the Indian institute of management was among the first to implement business history in their curriculum. This study discusses the contributions of business history and emergence of globalization on the way of performing business in the current society. With that in mind, the implication of the understanding of business and globalization will be enlisted. ... In the same regard, understanding of business history helps managers to regain managerial and managerial techniques. As noted, the history of business has been in the limelight for quite a long time, however it is only until recently (late 1990s) that more effective work towards the value of business history was recognized. More importantly, an understanding of the business history helps in the development of the business and the economy especially in formulation of  strategies in the current rapid changing business environment. In 1996, a survey carried out by the management history division of the management Academy established, adoption of business history courses yielded a variety of benefits. Their research, formed as a basis for continued research in the contributions made by business history in today’s business. Indeed, the historical component of business on the following key points. History is an important aspect for understanding of the nature of human and his/her past endeavors, thus giving light on the present as well as future activities in a number of ways. A historical study expounds on the understanding of humanity and key lessons for human ambitions, aspirations as well as organizations. Additionally, history enhances communication skills and the ability to evaluate healthy skepticism and evidences to some opinions and propaganda (Know ells, 2008). It offers business studnts with an exerpt of development of a country economy and international economy, providing insights into the structure of industries as well as, evolution of business strategies (Gibson et al, 1999). Business history broadens business education through the focus on technology, business ethics, the corporate culture as well as government

What Does it Mean to be Machiavellian Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What Does it Mean to be Machiavellian - Essay Example However, this does not approve violence for the wrong reasons, leading to one’s personal gratification or gains. Machiavelli’s aim in The Prince is to prepare the members of the ruling Medici family of Florence to handle the subjects of their principality. Machiavelli had the clear understanding that moral ideologies were not sufficient to meet the demands of real situations of governing a principality. In such a situation, the ruler has to deal with the needs and expectations of many people. In the present times too, there are debates about the emergence of terrorism as a response to the state policies that suppress the masses. This makes the Machiavellian principles of power in the governing bodies very significant. The ruler of a principality can remain in power only with a complete understanding of its subjects. The uprisings against the rulers may not always branch from a personal dislike to the ruler. Machiavelli observes that â€Å"men, thinking to better their condition, are always ready to change their masters, and in this expectation, will take up arms against any ruler† (6). To retain the power of the ruler over the dissatisfied and demanding masses, the principalities will have to use force when necessary. Machiavelli further states: â€Å"†¦let it here be noted that men are either to be kindly treated, or utterly crushed, since they can revenge lighter injuries, but not graver. Therefore the injury we do to a man should be of a sort to leave no fear of reprisals† (9). Though it is possible to interpret such remarks as cold-blooded decrees that decide the fate of numerous subjects in a principality, the ultimate goal Machiavelli aims at is the effective management o f the people with the help of force when gaining their consent in all issues seems unlikely. The use of violence serves a symbolic purpose as well, in setting an example. It is not a